Article II Below is a detailed article on Article II of the U.S. Constitution, which establishes the executive branch of the federal government, followed by an analysis of key Supreme Court decisions that have shaped its interpretation. This article draws on constitutional text, historical context, and Supreme Court rulings, with references provided at the end. Article II of the U.S. Constitution: The Executive Branch and Its Judicial Interpretation Article II of the United States Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government, vesting its authority in the President of the United States. Ratified in 1788, this article outlines the president's powers, duties, election process, qualifications, and mechanisms for removal